List of stripped synonyms and stripped related words.
bared, beggared, beggarly, bereaved, bereaved of, bereft, cut off, denudated, denuded, deprived, deprived of, disadvantaged, divested, exposed, fleeced, ghettoized, impoverished, in need, in rags, in want, indigent, lacking, laid bare, mendicant, minus, naked, necessitous, needy, nude, on relief, out at elbows, out of, parted from, pauperized, poverty-stricken, raw, robbed of, shorn of, showing, stark-naked, starveling, stripped of, unclad, unclothed, uncovered, underprivileged, undressed, unveiled, wanting